Seeking Alpha

Michael Panzner

About this author:

According to RealMoney.com columnist Doug Kass, general partner and investment manager of hedge fund Seabreeze Partners Short LP and Seabreeze Partners Short Offshore Fund, Ltd., today's late-breaking report of an alleged massive fraud at a well known investment firm could be "the biggest story of the year." In his view,

it is bigger than Enron, bigger than Boesky and bigger than Tyco.
It attacks at the core of investor confidence -- because, if true, and this could happen ... investors might think that almost anything imaginable could happen to the money they have entrusted to their fudiciaries.

Here are some excerpts from the Bloomberg report, entitled "Madoff Charged in $50 Billion Fraud at Advisory Firm":

Bernard Madoff, founder and president of Bernard Madoff Investment Securities, a market-maker for hedge funds and banks, was charged by federal prosecutors in a $50 billion fraud at his advisory business.

Madoff, 70, was arrested today at 8:30 a.m. by the FBI and appeared before U.S. Magistrate Judge Douglas Eaton in Manhattan federal court. Charged in a criminal complaint with a single count of securities fraud, he was granted release on a $10 million bond guaranteed by his wife and secured by his apartment. Madoff’s wife was present in the courtroom.

"It’s all just one big lie," Madoff told his employees on Dec. 10, according to a statement by prosecutors. The firm, Madoff allegedly said, is "basically, a giant Ponzi scheme." He was also sued by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Madoff’s New York-based firm was the 23rd largest market maker on Nasdaq in October, handling a daily average of about 50 million shares a day, exchange data show. The firm specialized in handling orders from online brokers in some of the largest U.S. companies, including General Electric Co (GE). and Citigroup Inc. (C).

...

SEC Complaint

The SEC in its complaint, also filed today in Manhattan federal court, accused Madoff of a "multi-billion dollar Ponzi scheme that he perpetrated on advisory clients of his firm."

The SEC said it’s seeking emergency relief for investors, including an asset freeze and the appointment of a receiver for the firm. Ira Sorkin, another defense lawyer for Madoff, couldn’t be immediately reached for comment.

...

Madoff, who owned more than 75 percent of his firm, and his brother Peter are the only two individuals listed on regulatory records as "direct owners and executive officers."

Peter Madoff was a board member of the St. Louis brokerage firm A.G. Edwards Inc. from 2001 through last year, when it was sold to Wachovia Corp (WB).

$17.1 Billion

The Madoff firm had about $17.1 billion in assets under management as of Nov. 17, according to NASD records. At least 50 percent of its clients were hedge funds, and others included banks and wealthy individuals, according to the records.

...

Madoff’s Web site advertises the "high ethical standards" of the firm.

"In an era of faceless organizations owned by other equally faceless organizations, Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC harks back to an earlier era in the financial world: The owner’s name is on the door," according to the Web site. "Clients know that Bernard Madoff has a personal interest in maintaining the unblemished record of value, fair-dealing, and high ethical standards that has always been the firm’s hallmark."

...

"These guys were one of the original, if not the original, third market makers," said Joseph Saluzzi, the co-head of equity trading at Themis Trading LLC in Chatham, New Jersey. "They had a great business and they were good with their clients. They were around for a long time. He’s a well-respected guy in the industry."

The case is U.S. v. Madoff, 08-MAG-02735, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (Manhattan)

And here is the SEC press release:

SEC Charges Bernard L. Madoff for Multi-Billion Dollar Ponzi Scheme
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

2008-293

Washington, D.C., Dec. 11, 2008 — The Securities and Exchange Commission today charged Bernard L. Madoff and his investment firm, Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC, with securities fraud for a multi-billion dollar Ponzi scheme that he perpetrated on advisory clients of his firm. The SEC is seeking emergency relief for investors, including an asset freeze and the appointment of a receiver for the firm.

The SEC's complaint, filed in federal court in Manhattan, alleges that Madoff yesterday informed two senior employees that his investment advisory business was a fraud. Madoff told these employees that he was "finished," that he had "absolutely nothing," that "it's all just one big lie," and that it was "basically, a giant Ponzi scheme." The senior employees understood him to be saying that he had for years been paying returns to certain investors out of the principal received from other, different investors. Madoff admitted in this conversation that the firm was insolvent and had been for years, and that he estimated the losses from this fraud were at least $50 billion.

"We are alleging a massive fraud — both in terms of scope and duration," said Linda Chatman Thomsen, Director of the SEC's Division of Enforcement. "We are moving quickly and decisively to stop the fraud and protect remaining assets for investors, and we are working closely with the criminal authorities to hold Mr. Madoff accountable."

Andrew M. Calamari, Associate Director of Enforcement in the SEC's New York Regional Office, added, "Our complaint alleges a stunning fraud that appears to be of epic proportions."

According to regulatory filings, the Madoff firm had more than $17 billion in assets under management as of the beginning of 2008. It appears that virtually all assets of the advisory business are missing.

Madoff founded the firm in 1960 and has been a prominent member of the securities industry throughout his career. Madoff served as vice chairman of the NASD, a member of its board of governors, and chairman of its New York region. He was also a member of NASDAQ Stock Market's board of governors and its executive committee and served as chairman of its trading committee.

The complaint charges the defendants with violations of the anti-fraud provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. In addition to emergency and interim relief, the SEC seeks a final judgment permanently enjoining the defendants from future violations of the antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws and ordering them to pay financial penalties and disgorgement of ill-gotten gains with prejudgment interest.

The SEC's investigation is continuing.

The SEC acknowledges the assistance of the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York.

Print this article with comments

This article has 25 comments:

  •  
    a piker compared to the last 8 years of this govt. &7lack of oversight.
    2008 Dec 12 10:32 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    The super wealthy fools who invested with this bum can well afford the losses. I have no sympathy for them.
    2008 Dec 12 11:50 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I'm surprised that $10-17B in client assets going "poof" has not depressed the market today. Perhaps some of the assets were collateral and the clients were startled to discover their collateral didn't exist so they had to buy more. If that's the case, expect a postponement of the unwinding.
    2008 Dec 12 12:47 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I don't see what all the fuss is about. Sounds like Madoff is just another a student of the fractional reserve banking school of thought.
    2008 Dec 12 03:11 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    There's a greedy sucker born every minute and a greedy con man every two. And neither realizes money never makes you truly happy.
    2008 Dec 12 04:49 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    This should surprise no one.

    Simply turn and look the other way folks -- business as usual.
    2008 Dec 12 05:02 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    With $17 billion in assets under management, there must be an auditing firm that they used. I wonder which one it is.
    2008 Dec 12 05:17 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Easy come, easy go........
    Where do all these Forrest Gumps come from.....
    2008 Dec 12 06:49 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    where's his brother peter? sounds like he should be arrested too.
    2008 Dec 12 07:45 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Ha ha!

    Another $17B, oh pardon me, $50B that we thought that were there but were never there in the first place to begin with ?

    Huunmm... sounds quite familiar...didn't Congress under Paulson's insistence just pitch in around $700B?

    And it is really interesting too...the bureaucrats didn't start to smell a rat until yesterday, some 40 years later? Sounds like someone is sending the air pilot licensea to those 9/11 terrorists months after they were dead...
    2008 Dec 12 07:47 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Looks like caviar sales on Palm Beach will take a hit. Crocodile tears.
    2008 Dec 12 09:32 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Another $50 billion needed followed by another $500 billion to bailout other hedge funds!
    2008 Dec 12 11:59 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Congrats Bernie you pulled it off. All you'll get is a $5 million dollar fine and a few years in a cushy halfway house. Meanwhile you've enriched your sons, your wife and friends/relatives over the years with millions of ill-gotten gains that the government can't touch. Folks, if you're gonna go into crime, Wall Street is the place to play.
    2008 Dec 13 01:09 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    we need to hire this guy to replace paulson he more honest
    2008 Dec 13 07:04 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    If you want ti have a real laugh, read the Fiarfield Grrenwich website, and in particular the pages referring to their due diligence. Lawyers will have a field day, and Fiarfield Greenwich´s partners will end up in the poorhouse.
    https://fggus.com/guest/due_di...
    2008 Dec 13 12:13 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    FGG's Due Diligence Process


    FGG's due diligence process is deeper and broader than a typical Fund of Funds, resembling that of an asset management company acquiring another asset manager, rather than a passive investor entering a disposable investment.

    A number of areas of inquiry are examined by a team of FGG professionals who specialize in evaluating respective areas of risk. Typically, a manager has been investigated and monitored for six to 12 months before that firm can be accepted onto the FGG platform. Long negotiating periods enable FGG to be more confident of its decisions before proceeding with a manager. Areas of examination are centered around the following:

    1. Portfolio Evaluation, Investment Performance, and Financial Risks:

    A core area for further analysis is to attempt to dissect and further understand investment performance, how a manager generates alpha, and what risks are taken in doing so. As portfolio management and risk management incorporate elements of both art and science, FGG applies both qualitative and quantitative measures. FGG:

    Examines independent prime broker trading records
    Conducts detailed interviews to better understand the manager's methodology for forming a market view, and for selecting and exiting core positions
    Analyses trading records
    Conducts a number of qualitative and quantitative tests to determine adherence to risk limits over time
    Confirms portfolio loss risk controls, diversification and other risk-related control policies, as well as any experience regarding unexpected or extreme market events
    Reviews the risk and return factors inherent in the strategy
    Evaluates capacity issues, which may affect alpha, as well as expected opportunities going forward within each candidate's strategy
    Analyses the various drivers underlying a particular portfolio's risk
    Evaluates credit risk and market risk both at the instrument and portfolio level
    Assesses the extent to which leverage is used by a manager, as well as how it is used, the funding sources, and the impact on the risk profile of the fund
    Investigate whether or not private or special registration securities are held, and determine how the daily trading volume and inventory held compares to the float and/or daily trading volume for a given security
    FGG also conducts many quantitative reviews of investment performance in light of:

    Fees and fee structure
    Historical draw-downs
    Return volatility
    Commissions earned
    Performance return in calm versus volatile markets
    Current/historical correlation of the fund under consideration with standard industry benchmarks, peer groups, and other FGG or competitor funds used as benchmarks
    FGG attempts to understand the return attribution for individual securities in the portfolio, and conducts a full suite of VaR analyses and stress tests to model the loss distribution function under extreme market scenarios. Leverage, concentration limits, and long/short exposures are examined over time to assess whether they have remained within operating guidelines.

    Style fidelity is another key area of inquiry; the manager's trading pattern over time and through various market environments, FGG determines whether the manager is prone to trade outside of their area of expertise.

    2. Personal Background Investigation:

    FGG examines the abilities and personalities of the individuals involved in managing the fund through extensive interviews, as well as background investigations.
    FGG verifies:
    Education
    Personal credit standing
    Litigation and regulatory background
    Track record
    Other indicators

    FGG explores the manager's experience and qualifications relative to the strategy being managed. Prior professional associations of a manager's key personnel can be crucial in understanding a person's experience and character and how they run their investment management business.

    3. Structural and Operational Risk:

    "Operational risk" refers to the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, human resources, or systems, or from external events. Operational failures, including misrepresentation of valuations and outright fraud, constitute the vast majority of instances where massive investor losses occur. Other operational risks include staff processing errors, technology failure, and poor data.

    Pricing models, as well as the adequacy, independence, and transparency of valuation procedures, contingency plans, and other trading and settlement procedures are all matters for close scrutiny by FGG professionals.

    FGG seeks a sound understanding of whether a hedge fund possesses key controls in the areas of portfolio management, conflicts of interest, segregation of duties, and compliance. FGG carefully assesses the controls and procedures that managers have in place and seek to determine actual compliance with those procedures, often suggesting modifications, separations of responsibilities, and remedial staff additions.

    4. Legal, Compliance, and Regulatory Risk:

    FGG's legal, compliance, and accounting teams specialize in investment management regulation, securities compliance, corporate operations, and tax issues. Hedge fund managers function within an ever more complex legal and regulatory landscape, and the role of this part of the diligence exam is to determine the seriousness of any deficiencies in this area which may cause risk of sanction, loss, or reputational embarrassment.

    Both in-house and retained legal professionals interview the management and staff of the manager, research regulatory filings, and review corporate organizational documents, as well as fund memoranda and related material contracts.

    2008 Dec 13 12:29 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I would be surprised if Paulson is next and is charged with conspiring to help his banker buddies and bail them out with taxpayers dough
    2008 Dec 13 02:54 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I smell a rat. This guy is too smart to confess without an exit plan. He's got money stashed all over the place probably through his conspiring sons. The Feds wont even check out his sons because they were the ones who turned him in, meanwhile he's set up a nice little legacy built on bilking.

    I think Wall Street for some time is going to go back to being that "little backwater where rich peoples money go to die". No more John Q Public putting widows and orphans money in the pockets of egregious shysters like this guy.

    Dividends will come back in a big way (they're already higher than treasury rates). And stock appreciation via the greater fool theory will abate for a while, at least until I become a buy and hold investor again.
    2008 Dec 13 03:16 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Why do people give money to Hedge Funds? Does anyone realize the 10, 20, 30 year track records of mutual funds at safe houses like Fidelity Investments are better? What are the chances of Fidelity ever stealing your IRA or other monies. The answer is zero.
    2008 Dec 13 05:30 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    The question now is, what other kinds of large fraud in relatively plain sight like this should now no longer be considered "unthinkable"?

    Does the GLD ETF really hold any gold? (www.goldensextant.com/...)
    2008 Dec 13 07:53 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    have a heart. let's all chip in so we can raise a $million or so for bernie's legal defense fees.
    2008 Dec 14 06:59 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I must say, I am simply sick to my stomach for these innocent people. I have read article after article. Why did they trust these returns? It is so depressing to think how many lives are now ruined. Quite disturbing and sad. Just horrible.
    2008 Dec 14 11:18 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I am not sick to my stomach for these "innocent" people. Henry Blodget said it best when he noted tht many of Madoff's invstors knew that something illegal was happening but simply didn't care because they thought it was insider trading rather than a ponzi scheme. These investors better be prepared to return their ill-gotten gains received over the past several years. "I didn't know" is not a defense in a situation where money from new investors was distributed to older investors....they must give it back. That will be the cherry on top for these "unsuspecting" older investors.
    2008 Dec 14 12:25 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    where is the money now?
    2008 Dec 17 04:22 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Who would have doubted the integrity of one of the most reputable firms on Wall Street run by an individual that was instrumental in framing the structure of the SEC?

    Once again, where were the auditors/accountants? Did it not raise any red flags that the company had reported consistent earnings for the past 20 years? And how could this privately-held company managing that amount of money not be regulated, audited, controlled or provide any safeguards to their so called “investors?”

    Apparently the SEC had even received numerous letters from investors trying to sound the alarm that something didn’t smell right. Why was no investigation conducted?

    Yes, I understand the secretive nature of Hedge Funds, but will this finally be enough to wake up regulators to change these ineffective oversight rules?

    I’ve always maintained that the word “investment” is a misnomer. It’s all speculation. Nothing is really safe. Now the search begins to find the gory details of the billions lost. But what has really been lost is more faith and trust in our financial system. Madoff’s firm had been highly regarded on Wall Street, but trust me, this downfall will just be the tip of the iceberg.

    The economic downturn has already caused a run on Hedge Funds and the redemptions have been enormous. Investors cashed out a record $130 billion in November alone. In Madoff’s case, he’d only had requests for $7 billion of redemptions but was struggling to find the liquidity to return funds.

    We’ll find out in the next few hours just how serious the collateral damages will be. Early indications are that the actual number of clients is few, but each stands to lose billions. This will not do much to bolster the confidence in the rest of the investment world.

    It just drives home the point that there are so many weak links in our financial system, so little government oversight, and too many loopholes that invite under-handed deals.
    It will take years to revamp the structure of the system. But I still have a hard time understanding how the watchdogs, the regulators, state auditors, private auditors, accountants, and even the investors can be so blind.

    There are tough lesson to be learned, and many questions to be answered. One of the most important and relevant questions we have to ask ourselves is posed in the title of our book, “The Big Gamble: Are You Investing or Speculating?”

    This comment was posted by Jose Roncal, co-author of "The Big Gamble: Are you investing or speculating?" - For more information, visit financialspeculation.c...
    2008 Dec 18 12:01 AM | Link | Reply