Seeking Alpha

Joseph Calhoun


About this author:

In times like these, cash is king, and companies with a lot of it are set to succeed and poised to take advantage. Cash-laden companies are able to scoop up market share and increase revenues with the scarce capital it holds, whether it be through acquisitions or aggressive growth strategies via increased research and investment or updating and increasing production capabilities.

Here are the top 15 companies (along with their quotes, charts, and total cash positions) that have hoarded the most cash, in that order. Financials were excluded for obvious reasons (and that includes GE):

  1. Exxon Mobil - (XOM), Chart, Total Cash: $32.007 Billion
  2. Cisco Systems - (CSCO), Chart, Total Cash: $29.531 Billion
  3. Apple - (AAPL), Chart, Total Cash: $25.647 Billion
  4. Berkshire Hathaway - (BRK.A), Chart, Total Cash: $25.539 Billion
  5. Pfizer Inc - (PFE), Chart, Total Cash: $23.731 Billion
  6. Toyota Motor - (TM), Chart, Total Cash: $23.151 Billion
  7. Microsoft - (MSFT), Chart, Total Cash: $20.298 Billion
  8. Google - (GOOG), Chart, Total Cash: $15.846 Billion
  9. Royal Dutch Shell - (RDS.A), Chart, Total Cash: $15.188 Billion
  10. Wyeth - (WYE), Chart, Total Cash: $14.54 Billion
  11. IBM - (IBM), Chart, Total Cash: $12.907 Billion
  12. Johnson & Johnson - (JNJ), Chart, Total Cash: $12.809 Billion
  13. Intel - (INTC), Chart, Total Cash: $11.843 Billion
  14. Hewlett Packard - (HPQ), Chart, Total Cash: $11.255 Billion
  15. Oracle - (ORCL), Chart, Total Cash: $10.646 Billion

Four of the five companies rated AAA by Standard and Poor’s happen to be on this list. Wonder what that says about cash on the balance sheet….

Print this article with comments

This article has 70 comments:

  •  
    What are their cash per shares?
    Mar 13 08:07 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    the author provides the same lack of clarity as do many previous commentators on the cash rich companies.

    how much is the net cash? having a billion and owing a billion makes the company's amount of cash worth zero.
    Mar 13 09:04 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Free cash flow per share should be the metric.
    Mar 13 10:34 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Cisco, Intel and Microsoft have had a lot of cash for a long time. Except for Microsoft's big one time cash dividend a few years ago, it doesn't seem to have helped them find profitable new areas or technologies to grow into.
    Mar 13 10:34 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    It wasn't too long ago that GM had $25 billion in cash on their balance sheet too.

    And Microsoft seems to never climb in value. People just hate Bill Gates and I believe it has a lot to do with off shoring & importing cheaper foreign workers.
    Mar 13 10:36 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Hard to know what to make of it, although Cisco hasn't done much to increase shareholder value lately I still like them over the next few years.
    Mar 13 10:50 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    By the end of this year I predict Apple will be at the top of this list.

    Why? Because at the end of it's last quarter, it's Q1 2009, it added another $3.6 billion in cash taking it to a total of $28.1 billion.

    And this quarter is going well too, so expect another £2bn+ and you can see why it's not hard to predict.
    Mar 13 11:38 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Dang, look at all the tech companies on that list! They certainly have the cash to buy other companies if they wanted to. Thanks for the list!
    Mar 13 11:42 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Why are Gates's charities in Africa? Doesn't the US have the poor and down trodden also?


    On Mar 13 10:36 AM TeresaE wrote:

    > It wasn't too long ago that GM had $25 billion in cash on their balance
    > sheet too.
    >
    > And Microsoft seems to never climb in value. People just hate Bill
    > Gates and I believe it has a lot to do with off shoring & importing
    > cheaper foreign workers.
    Mar 13 12:14 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    You are correct, in times like this cash is king. It would be more valuable if, rather than a lump sum amount given as proof of how great a company is, some additional means to determine WHY these companies are so good is also provided. Giving a balance sheet figure of cash and then saying this is a good company is less thorough than say what they could do with this cash for example.

    I assumed you were stating these are good stocks to buy, however, if you are not saying these are good companies and one should buy the shares, what are you saying?
    Mar 13 12:19 PM | Link | Reply
  •  



    On Mar 13 10:36 AM TeresaE wrote:

    > It wasn't too long ago that GM had $25 billion in cash on their balance
    > sheet too.
    >
    > And Microsoft seems to never climb in value. People just hate Bill
    > Gates and I believe it has a lot to do with off shoring & importing
    > cheaper foreign workers.

    Microsoft was just listed as #38 on Fortune Magazine's "100 Best Companies To Work For" list. The average hourly worker at Microsoft makes $59,420/year and the average salaried worker makes $112,399/year. The benefits are also outstanding. They do have people in other countries but it is less than the % of their business that comes from non-US sources. If you are talking about H1B people, I would bet money they are paid virtually the same as other US workers. This charge against Microsoft is totally unfounded. I don't believe you know what you are talking about...I have never worked for Microsoft but I do own a little of their stock...
    Mar 13 12:29 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    If we include debt, things look very differently:

    Ticker, debt, net cash
    XOM, 9425, 22582
    CSCO, 6848, 22683
    AAPL, 0, 25647
    BRKA, 36882, -11343
    PFE, 17283, 7272
    TM, 118626, -95745
    MSFT, 0, 20298
    GOOG, 0, 15846
    RDSA, 23269, -8081
    WYE, 11739, 2806
    IBM, 99925, -21018
    JNJ, 11825, 957
    INTC, 1988, 9855
    HPQ, 20458, -9203
    ORCL, 10238, 408

    Now things look quite different!

    In addition, many companies are burdened with massive pension obligations, the stuff that did GM and Bethlehem Steel in. For example, IBM has 19452 million on its balance sheet; XOM 20729 million.

    BRKA also has a maximum of 67 billion derivatives exposure, including 37 billion in equity index puts, 19 billion in CDS, and 18 billion in muni bond insurance.

    PFE has just squandered its cash horde on that panic deal with WYE. When the deal closes for good, PFE will have a monstrous debt load and very little cash left.

    So if you really like company with lots of cash, AAPL, CSCO, MSFT, GOOG, INTC, and XOM are your best choices.
    Mar 13 02:35 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    That would have been good information to have included in the article....would have made it relevant.
    Mar 13 03:35 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    PFE cash is committed to IRS and WYTH purchase.
    Mar 13 04:08 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    martyg wrote:

    > how much is the net cash? having a billion and owing a billion makes
    > the company's amount of cash worth zero.

    Not in this credit market. New debt is still fairly hard to come by.


    Mar 13 05:13 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Jon T wrote:

    > By the end of this year I predict Apple will be at the top of this
    > list.
    >
    > Why? Because at the end of it's last quarter, it's Q1 2009, it added
    > another $3.6 billion in cash taking it to a total of $28.1 billion.

    That and it's collecting cash as if they were about to stop making it.
    Mar 13 05:20 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    mkreisel wrote:

    > If we include debt, things look very differently:

    You mean debt and whatever other liabilities you selected to include.

    > BRKA also has a maximum of 67 billion derivatives exposure, including
    > 37 billion in equity index puts, 19 billion in CDS, and 18 billion
    > in muni bond insurance.

    And huge liabilities in its other insurance businesses - that's how insurance works. So you've chosen to include some number of these liabilities in "debt" even though they're not debt. How about you include BRK's stock holdings as cash, since they could be cash tomorrow?
    Mar 13 05:40 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Pension obligations are a huge part of the puzzle. I wouldn't be surprised to see Congress to legislate a way for major funds to escape the majority of their commitments in order to "save" the national economy. It would be a windfall for investors, and very tough luck for those who were counting on the payments to get through their golden years.
    Mar 13 07:22 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I agree, net cash should be the metric. But for the author's defense, cash on hand does provide liquidity. A more appropriate title for this article may be "The 15 most liquid companies".
    Mar 13 08:36 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I like CSCO and IBM best out of the list above. Both have growing businesses that compliment their excellent cash position.

    Thanks for a great post!
    Mar 13 09:30 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I really think that PFE should almost not be on the
    list considering that all that cash has pretty much been spent with their blockbuster purchase
    Mar 13 11:25 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    MSFT is like a co of snails, slow, and lost directions.
    Good thing about it is that right now you won't lose your butt if you hold its shares.
    Mar 14 01:15 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    And here's another interesting piece of the puzzle:

    AAPL and GOOG, mountains of cash and no debt... do NOT have AAA ratings.

    Go figure.

    Mar 14 02:38 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Author seems to allude to vague acquistions while ignoring that two on his list, Pfizer and Wyeth, are merging, much of Pfizer's cash, and ultimately Wyeth's will be going to the acquisition financing.
    Mar 14 08:39 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    sounds like the same magic math the banks were using,,,,,,cash means little if the debt is too high, cash gets burnt in economic downturns just paying the lightbill and employees.

    better off investing in companies that will make more money BECAUSE of the economy being bad rather than hoping todays cash will be still there in the next quarter.

    bears on other sites ripped into this pump a few days ago
    Mar 14 11:22 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Thanks mkreisel. Your comment adds value and makes the above far more useful. People love to tell you that "cash is king" and that "content is king". I like the old fashioned version - "context is king".
    Mar 14 11:32 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Great list of companies. If there's a complete collapse most, if not all, will be standing. Still, I'm not a buyer until the shakeout finishes. They might not die but I don't want to lose a significant part of my portfolio to be with safer companies. It's counter intuitive.
    Mar 14 12:59 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Cash rich doesn't mean a whole lot if the company doesn't
    have a good strategy for deploying their cash. Microsoft is a good example.
    It seems to be at a loss as how to use its surplus and has not been able to
    make creative use of its bounty.
    On the other hand Apple has a huge cash surplus but is deftly utilizing it
    and is thereby defining the future of communication and media for decades
    into the future.
    So an important step is to screen the authors information by determining
    which company has the superior management and imagination to not
    just "bank" the cash but to intelligently put it to work for future
    growth and profit.

    Mar 14 02:08 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Agreed in principle, however its what these companies do with the cash on hand that worries me. Apple has invested in agency treasuries which are 99% NOT guaranteed by the US government. Most agency treasuries are Freddie Mac and Fannie May, low yield only A rated (not AAA) and non guaranteed. With the economy and house market going down the pan, South Korea already questioning the validity of Agency treasuries and asking for guarantees from US govt (they obviously didn't receive) and a possibility that FM and FM 'could' default on debt its worrying times.


    On Mar 13 11:38 AM Jon T wrote:

    > By the end of this year I predict Apple will be at the top of this
    > list.
    >
    > Why? Because at the end of it's last quarter, it's Q1 2009, it added
    > another $3.6 billion in cash taking it to a total of $28.1 billion.
    >
    >
    > And this quarter is going well too, so expect another £2bn+ and you
    > can see why it's not hard to predict.
    Mar 14 04:02 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    They also just laid off 5% of their workforce. $20 billion in cash laying around so why the layoffs? Let's see that free cash flow per share, to see how much they are "hurting."

    I cannot also speak for Microsoft's particular situation, but H1-B's are grossly underpaid compared with their stateside counterparts. That's typically their main selling point, even though their skills may be generally weaker than their stateside counterparts.

    Microsoft for years has been advocating an increase in the H1-B quotas, even at the height of the .com bust.

    www.nytimes.com/2009/0...
    On Mar 13 12:29 PM Smart1 wrote:

    >
    Mar 14 05:42 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Agree, these are 2 bellwether companies with mature senior management that know how to navigate economic cycles and push forward into new areas.


    On Mar 13 09:30 PM jstratt wrote:

    > I like CSCO and IBM best out of the list above. Both have growing
    > businesses that compliment their excellent cash position.
    >
    > Thanks for a great post!
    Mar 14 05:45 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Companies generally have to have issued public debt to be rated. GOOG doesn't have an AAA rating because they aren't rated at all. MSFT actually did issue debt and that's why they have a rating. Apple's rating was withdrawn in 2004 and hasn't been updated since because there isn't really a need for it to be.


    On Mar 14 02:38 AM William Cowie wrote:

    > And here's another interesting piece of the puzzle:
    >
    > AAPL and GOOG, mountains of cash and no debt... do NOT have AAA ratings.
    >
    >
    > Go figure.
    >
    Mar 14 09:33 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Go look at TM's debt and tell me it is a healthy company in a deflationary crash. TM will trade like GM soon. They did not earn their manufacturing capacity, they borrowed it from the bank. Debt will get harder and harder to come by as auto sales settle in at a fraction of what they did over the decade 1995-2005. Toyota is one of the best shorts out there because people don't understand how much crushing debt they have - over 120 billion worth - as we enter the jaws of the greatest economic bust in the history of man.

    Only companies with low debt and high cash and which downsize aggressively early on are going to be well positioned for this crash.
    Mar 15 08:07 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Good starting point. I agree with other posts that cash flow per share would be a helpful measure AND that Net Cash/Debt is more important.

    With regard to specific stocks:
    AAPL garners a majority of revenue from Laptops and Ipods (macworld pie chart www.macworld.com/artic...) -IMHO these sales will evaporate along with other consumer disc. purchases. I think will crash hard. AND without Jobs, even more so.

    MSFT, as noted, cash rich for a long time--have really not gotten any traction with new products svcs-dependent on win/office. Some possible good news is that I THINK that companies will prefer to bleed a little w/ new licenses rather than take a large capital investment on low cost solutions (linux/google apps)--cap ex is in training/IT that can handle these jobs

    GOOG is VERY interesting 0 debt. Still a bit overpriced, But will continue to innovate (lots of blah blah about innovation in crisis type articles are around), advertising continue to shift to web (more cost effective and goog owns this arena). GOOG is the microsoft of tomorrow.

    I think PHARM is much maligned. Think about it people. For all the flak that Obama gets (I'm a liberal), He won't be able to change the system--look what happened under Clinton--A lot of talk, no change. AND Boomers are just now striding into their peak Medication years!!!

    BRK is, I think, a Buffet/munger vehicle-old guys whose active investing longevity won't outrun this downcycle.

    XOM etc. Great company, probably overvalued. I'd look at historical Oil prices--Even $30/bbl is avg/high in inflation adjusted terms.

    INTC-Not sure how their other lines stack up, but i'd guess worldwide chip demand is going to be neg/flat for a while.

    CSCO-Not great equipment, but Corps will need to maintain network status quo.

    HQP odd chimera of IT. Consumer sales will be neg/flat. I'd think their best days are over

    IBM as a friend wrote to me "we're outsourcing everything that's not bolted down" IBM should be able to capitalize on that

    TOM-Think consumer capital expenditures will not be great for some time.

    So, This is my 2 min Cramer exercise--look at IBM, GOOG, and pharm. I'd also be interested in Consumer Staples that have strong balance sheets/ low debt/equity ratios--Help me people!! Most consumeer staples seem to be too highly leveraged.
    Mar 15 12:33 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    exactly -- there is a fee involved to get a rating. no reason to pay it if you aren't going to use it. I don't believe MSFTs rating is still valid. (they recently filed a shelf so may issue in near future)


    On Mar 14 09:33 PM ChipsAhoya wrote:

    > Companies generally have to have issued public debt to be rated.
    > GOOG doesn't have an AAA rating because they aren't rated at all.
    > MSFT actually did issue debt and that's why they have a rating. Apple's
    > rating was withdrawn in 2004 and hasn't been updated since because
    > there isn't really a need for it to be.
    Mar 15 12:57 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Kind of like your consumer credit score - zero if you never incur any debt.

    Thanks for the explanation, guys...

    Mar 15 07:39 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Microsofts future lies in success of its core buisness. thats the os. unfortunatly vista was a complete loss. requiring an immediate reinvestment in r$d for a new more stable os. this is known as windows 7. it was probably in the makeing, but bumped up in priority as vists problems never seen an end in sight. msft is not going anyhere. billy boy would put every last penny he owns back into that buisness, something buisnessmen in this country should be more willing to do. its that or go belly up...50% of companies are faced with losses, restructuring or bankruptcy.
    Mar 15 09:01 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    MSFT Cash is much lower than it was a few years ago. This is due to both their dividend paying and aggressive acquisitions (like AQuantive for 6B).

    In addition, their growth has slowed down significantly. MSFT highly favorable ecosystem were computers costing ~$500-1000. Machines at this price range may justify a $150 OS (plus another $200+ for 'Office software'), but this ecosystem is rapidly shrinking.

    Computing devices from iPhones (no Microsoft software at all) to $200 notebooks are quickly becoming "the personal computer market". MSFT can no longer charge $150 per copy of the OS when the whole machine costs $200 or less. They are forced to offer crippled versions of their OS for $50 or less per copy just to remain in the game and even so, there are a few takers. These lower ASPs are ensuring that Microsoft's best days are long gone. Cash, unfortunately will not help a company whose business model has hit a wall.

    Please don't get me wrong, MSFT will keep on living for a long long time because many less informed people will keep on buying their software despite much better (including free) alternatives. But I think it is safe to assume that the nice growth and the good old golden-egged goose days are not coming back.
    Mar 15 09:20 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    The financial crisis did not start last Monday.
    If cash is king, how come the charts show those "full of cash" companies move up last week almost in the same proportion as some with lots of debts and as good as no cash at all, like Harley-Davidson (HOG)stockcharts.com/h-sc/u...

    who needed a 600 million$ "bail out" from Buffet and Davis at 15% interest, obliged to cut its dividend by 70%.

    The important is not the cash that they have now, but the cash they will still have when the crisis is over.

    I am not excessively religious, but this reminds me of something like: "Let the weed and the grain grow together: they will be sorted out when harvest time comes".

    Mar 16 03:09 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Apple has over 28 Billion in cash, todey probably over 30 Billion. No debt, and of course it is from free cash flow, which could be 1 Billion per month currently. At times like these, you could put a positive value on bankrupcy cost/risks for companies like Apple. Cash is really king and surely an insurance.
    Mar 16 05:23 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Pfizer generates 40B in profit and 20B EBITDA every year. Net profit is roughly 10B every year. Every year. Day in and day out, PFE is an incredible cash generating goliath.

    The WYE acquisition is another marker on the PFE roadmap since they swallowed Pharmacia in 2002 for 60B. As boomers grow older and world population continues to grow, PFE is en route to capitalize on the masses of humanity.

    Mar 16 08:23 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Missing the big picture!

    Cash is not worth cash. Billions of dollars of this so called cash is held in foreign subsidiaries. Because of US tax law, repatriation of that cash would result in MASSIVE tax obligations due to the US Government.

    So, when people say Cisco has Billions in cash, it is not as if they can just write a check for that total. They would have to repatriate the cash, pay the tax bill and then have a significantly lower cash balance.

    Welcome to the difference between world wide and territorial taxation systems.
    Mar 16 10:45 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Bill Gates doesn't understand the H1B issue. Seriously, his company is one of the top 5 issuers of H1B visas, but the other four are all Indian companies that sell bodies to US companies, mostly banks which is ironic.

    The other companies are Infosys, Wipro, etc. A typical gig for them would be to take over the QA department from a US Bank's IT shop.

    The reason they send the person here, to work for Wells Fargo for example, is that this person is the "on-site" person, and the goal of the onsite person is to communicate with 5 people who work "offshore". The H1B person learns what the Americans do, and then communicates with the offshore team, allowing the bank to eventually layoff all the Americans, as now they have an army of $20/hr people in India.

    Gates simply doesn't understand this, because he actually hires the people to do work for MSFT, not to use them as cheap outsourced labor for corporate clients.

    If you want to read more about this, here's a decent description, about half way down the page, www.tinyurl.com/h1bsca...


    On Mar 13 12:29 PM Smart1 wrote:

    >
    Mar 16 01:29 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Why does the fact that Gates funds much needed charities in Africa matter to you? It isn't your money. The WSJ castigated Gates for similar reasons when he initially set up his charity. Funny how conservatives demand obeisance to the idea that one's own money is one's own to decide what to do with until the owner decides to spend it differently from how they would have spent it if it were their money.


    On Mar 13 12:14 PM jackooo wrote:

    > Why are Gates's charities in Africa? Doesn't the US have the poor
    > and down trodden also?
    Mar 16 02:18 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Cash may indeed be king but a company's debt levels are just as significant. According to insolvency practitioners as investors we should all learn to read a balance sheet. It seems there are three questions we should ask: 1. Where is the cash coming from? Selling assets to boost cash flow is an old account trick - look at the number under "cash flow from operating activities" this is the amount of cash generated from the the company's core activities - a negative number is a big red flag and check back a few years. Highly volatile operating cash flows are highly suspect - think Enron.

    2. Where does all the operating cash flow go? Analysts often quote "free cash flow. If a company is enjoying high levels of free cash flow and not expanding or paying it back to investors as a dividend, be concerned. Also consider the relationship between free cash flow and the equity dividend. If free cash flow does not cover the dividend at least twice, future payouts could be at risk.

    3. The final area to look at is the “cash flows from financing activities” section. Just as you would not extend your mortgage to pay for day to day living, a typical bankruptcy candidate will raise long term finance as new debt or equity and then use it to keep trading. So compare the total raised as debt or equity in the “cash flows from financing activities” section and the amount being spent on new assets in the “cash flows from investing activities” above it. A big mismatch with no explanation from directors is another warning signs.

    Finding the right kind of cash rich companies are around but just take a little time to find. Finally use the "Altman-Z score" which indicates the probability of a company entering bankruptcy within the next 2 years. The higher the Z score the lower the probability of bankruptcy. An Altman score of 3 indicates bankruptcy is unlikely while a score below 1.8 indicates bankruptcy is possible.

    Hope the above helps.
    Mar 16 04:28 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Finding a cash rich company in which to invest is an important first step but trying to establish where the cash is coming from and where it is going is even more important. I was given these tips by some specialist insolvency accountants (and they should know!).

    It seems we all need to understand a balance sheet these days and short of becoming forensic accountants at the very least we should try to find answers to the following three questions. Number 1 - Where is the cashing coming from? Companies can boost short term cash flow by borrowing or selling assets. However, there are only so many assets that can be sold and without a regular inflow on cash a company will soon run into trouble. The number to look for is “cash flow from operating activities” – this shows how much cash is generated from the company’s core business activity. A negative number is a red flag and always check back a few years to see if there is any pattern. Highly volatile operating cash flows can suggest trouble – Enron was a classic case in point before it failed.

    A firm can also enhance operating cash flows by delaying payments to suppliers just before the financial year end so always take a look at the note that supports the cash flow figure (usually placed a few pages back) and look for the number showing “change in creditors”. If this number has jumped without a corresponding rise in activity – “cost of sales” – in the profit and loss account, be suspicious. It is also worth comparing the firm’s “operating profit” to its “operating cash flow”. Big variations, or an operating profit not matched by a similar amount of operating cash flow are both warning signs.

    Number 2: Where does all the operating cash flow go? Analysts often quote “free cash flow” which should be positive and ideally consistent with past years, allowing for changes in activity. For example if sales have decreased 10%, free cash flow will probably have fallen as well and should be in proportion. Companies such as Tesco have been able to expand rapidly by using huge free cash flows to buy freehold sites. However, if a company is enjoying high levels of free cash flow and not expanding or paying it back to investors as a dividend, be concerned. Also consider the relationship between free cash flow and the equity dividend. If free cash flow does not cover the dividend at least twice, future payouts could be at risk.

    Number 3: The final area to look at is the “cash flows from financing activities” section. Just as you would not extend your mortgage to pay for day to day living, a typical bankruptcy candidate will raise long term finance as new debt or equity and then use it to keep trading. So compare the total raised as debt or equity in the “cash flows from financing activities” section and the amount being spent on new assets in the “cash flows from investing activities” above it. A big mismatch with no explanation from directors is another warning signs.

    In addition look at a company's “Altman-Z score” This indicates the probability of a company entering bankruptcy within the next 2 years. The higher the Z score, the lower the probability of bankruptcy. An Altman score above 3 indicates that bankruptcy is unlikely; a score below 1.8 indicates that bankruptcy is possible.


    Finally always look at the directors' dealings - are they buying or selling.
    Mar 16 05:13 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    But which of these companies will put that capital to work at its highest and best use? Idle cash won’t do investors any good if we can’t ultimately get a return on that cash (unless all you want to play is defense). It’s like have a 500 HP car with no tires… where does the rubber meet the road, so to speak.
    Mar 16 05:50 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Like xsellside said. In a business, cash is merely one more asset - it has to earn its keep. Just sitting there does no good. A buffer against bad times is good, but too much of a good thing isn't so good any more. It's like the Moody Blues called it: a question of balance.
    Mar 16 06:58 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Your comments are intriguing and merit further inquiry...


    On Mar 15 08:07 AM Did U Think The Ponzi Scheme Would Last? wrote:

    > Go look at TM's debt and tell me it is a healthy company in a deflationary
    > crash. TM will trade like GM soon. They did not earn their manufacturing
    > capacity, they borrowed it from the bank. Debt will get harder and
    > harder to come by as auto sales settle in at a fraction of what they
    > did over the decade 1995-2005. Toyota is one of the best shorts out
    > there because people don't understand how much crushing debt they
    > have - over 120 billion worth - as we enter the jaws of the greatest
    > economic bust in the history of man.
    >
    > Only companies with low debt and high cash and which downsize aggressively
    > early on are going to be well positioned for this crash.
    Mar 17 12:39 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Highly recommend Exxon Mobil along with shares of DXO ( double leveraged oil commodity stock)
    . To buy such stocks along with other great purchases select the right boker at comparebroker.com
    Mar 17 08:43 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Two of the companies on your list are in my portfolio, but their stock has not done well in a long time (INTC and CSCO). Cash does not produce profits. It acts a a buffer against bad times (like now) and enables the firm to recruit and retain the best talent. It enables purchases of needed equipment and upgrades to stay at the cutting edge. It helps, but cash does not perform miracles.

    You still need innovation, strong marketing, good timing, and smart people with energy to win.

    Still, I would rather have enough cash than not enough.

    Mar 17 08:59 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    it makes no sense


    On Mar 13 10:34 AM BlueOkie wrote:

    > Free cash flow per share should be the metric.
    Mar 17 09:48 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I think you need to take a math course. "Oil at $30/bbl is high in inflation adjusted terms". Adjusted for inflation today's $30 oil is worth about $8 bbl in 1974 dollars (time of the last oil embargo). Or put another way gas pump prices today at $1.75 are the equivalent to .35 cents a gallon. If you find that expensive you are out of your mind. Oil is extremely undervalued even in the $45-50 range.


    On Mar 15 12:33 PM MDLGTO wrote:

    > Good starting point. I agree with other posts that cash flow per
    > share would be a helpful measure AND that Net Cash/Debt is more important.
    >
    >
    > With regard to specific stocks:
    > AAPL garners a majority of revenue from Laptops and Ipods (macworld
    > pie chart www.macworld.com/artic...)
    > -IMHO these sales will evaporate along with other consumer disc.
    > purchases. I think will crash hard. AND without Jobs, even more so.
    >
    >
    > MSFT, as noted, cash rich for a long time--have really not gotten
    > any traction with new products svcs-dependent on win/office. Some
    > possible good news is that I THINK that companies will prefer to
    > bleed a little w/ new licenses rather than take a large capital investment
    > on low cost solutions (linux/google apps)--cap ex is in training/IT
    > that can handle these jobs
    >
    > GOOG is VERY interesting 0 debt. Still a bit overpriced, But will
    > continue to innovate (lots of blah blah about innovation in crisis
    > type articles are around), advertising continue to shift to web (more
    > cost effective and goog owns this arena). GOOG is the microsoft of
    > tomorrow.
    >
    > I think PHARM is much maligned. Think about it people. For all the
    > flak that Obama gets (I'm a liberal), He won't be able to change
    > the system--look what happened under Clinton--A lot of talk, no change.
    > AND Boomers are just now striding into their peak Medication years!!!
    >
    >
    > BRK is, I think, a Buffet/munger vehicle-old guys whose active investing
    > longevity won't outrun this downcycle.
    >
    > XOM etc. Great company, probably overvalued. I'd look at historical
    > Oil prices--Even $30/bbl is avg/high in inflation adjusted terms.
    >
    >
    > INTC-Not sure how their other lines stack up, but i'd guess worldwide
    > chip demand is going to be neg/flat for a while.
    >
    > CSCO-Not great equipment, but Corps will need to maintain network
    > status quo.
    >
    > HQP odd chimera of IT. Consumer sales will be neg/flat. I'd think
    > their best days are over
    >
    > IBM as a friend wrote to me "we're outsourcing everything that's
    > not bolted down" IBM should be able to capitalize on that
    >
    > TOM-Think consumer capital expenditures will not be great for some
    > time.
    >
    > So, This is my 2 min Cramer exercise--look at IBM, GOOG, and pharm.
    > I'd also be interested in Consumer Staples that have strong balance
    > sheets/ low debt/equity ratios--Help me people!! Most consumeer staples
    > seem to be too highly leveraged.
    Mar 17 09:57 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    mkreisel,

    You make the classic mistake of assuming that all debt is equal but it isn't. Debt on GM's balance sheet is completely different from that at a utility company (like Berkshire's Mid-American which holds 90% of Berkshire's debt. All utilities are funded with debt because of the royalty like stream of their revenues. This makes complete sense as debt funding is a heckuva lot cheaper than equity & the revenue streams are preductable way into the future. Contrast that with tech companies that have to re-invent themselves every 5 years or so or lose their revenue streams - they have to be very careful about using debt & need cash to invest in new ideas or acquire new ideas.

    Also it is important to know interest coverage & leverage ratios - net debt in isolation is a pretty useless measurement


    On Mar 13 02:35 PM mkreisel wrote:

    > If we include debt, things look very differently:
    >
    > Ticker, debt, net cash
    > XOM, 9425, 22582
    > CSCO, 6848, 22683
    > AAPL, 0, 25647
    > BRKA, 36882, -11343
    > PFE, 17283, 7272
    > TM, 118626, -95745
    > MSFT, 0, 20298
    > GOOG, 0, 15846
    > RDSA, 23269, -8081
    > WYE, 11739, 2806
    > IBM, 99925, -21018
    > JNJ, 11825, 957
    > INTC, 1988, 9855
    > HPQ, 20458, -9203
    > ORCL, 10238, 408
    >
    > Now things look quite different!
    >
    > In addition, many companies are burdened with massive pension obligations,
    > the stuff that did GM and Bethlehem Steel in. For example, IBM has
    > 19452 million on its balance sheet; XOM 20729 million.
    >
    > BRKA also has a maximum of 67 billion derivatives exposure, including
    > 37 billion in equity index puts, 19 billion in CDS, and 18 billion
    > in muni bond insurance.
    >
    > PFE has just squandered its cash horde on that panic deal with WYE.
    > When the deal closes for good, PFE will have a monstrous debt load
    > and very little cash left.
    >
    > So if you really like company with lots of cash, AAPL, CSCO, MSFT,
    > GOOG, INTC, and XOM are your best choices.
    Mar 17 11:41 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    ...hilarious that this got 38 positive ratings -- including mine, by the way...frustrating so many seekingalpha posters conveniently leave out such pertinent details.


    On Mar 13 09:04 AM martyg wrote:

    > the author provides the same lack of clarity as do many previous
    > commentators on the cash rich companies.
    >
    > how much is the net cash? having a billion and owing a billion makes
    > the company's amount of cash worth zero.
    Mar 17 12:30 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Cash rich does not mean what people think it does. Aren't those "cash equivalents?"
    Mar 17 12:51 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I thoroughly dislike and distrust anything Gates does. He spends far too much philanthropic money on foreign country's welfare(99% down a rathole doing no lasting good and lots of harm) and not enough right here in America. Of course, as MSFT cannnot get many workers here that still will work for its crooked ways, it must get them from overseas. A vicious circle if there ever was one. Think Gates cares? That's why I have nothing and do nothing with Microsoft products.


    On Mar 13 10:36 AM TeresaE wrote:

    > It wasn't too long ago that GM had $25 billion in cash on their balance
    > sheet too.
    >
    > And Microsoft seems to never climb in value. People just hate Bill
    > Gates and I believe it has a lot to do with off shoring & importing
    > cheaper foreign workers.
    Mar 17 02:18 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    GOOD ONE!! YOU SAID, "Just as you would not extend your mortgage to pay for day to day living....." I assume you meant that as a joke as that is exactly what people were doing over that 5 years that brought on the current Depression?


    On Mar 16 05:13 PM Anna Coulling wrote:

    > Finding a cash rich company in which to invest is an important first
    > step but trying to establish where the cash is coming from and where
    > it is going is even more important. I was given these tips by some
    > specialist insolvency accountants (and they should know!).
    >
    > It seems we all need to understand a balance sheet these days and
    > short of becoming forensic accountants at the very least we should
    > try to find answers to the following three questions. Number 1
    > - Where is the cashing coming from? Companies can boost short term
    > cash flow by borrowing or selling assets. However, there are only
    > so many assets that can be sold and without a regular inflow on cash
    > a company will soon run into trouble. The number to look for is
    > “cash flow from operating activities” – this shows how much cash
    > is generated from the company’s core business activity. A negative
    > number is a red flag and always check back a few years to see if
    > there is any pattern. Highly volatile operating cash flows can suggest
    > trouble – Enron was a classic case in point before it failed.
    >
    > A firm can also enhance operating cash flows by delaying payments
    > to suppliers just before the financial year end so always take a
    > look at the note that supports the cash flow figure (usually placed
    > a few pages back) and look for the number showing “change in creditors”.
    > If this number has jumped without a corresponding rise in activity
    > – “cost of sales” – in the profit and loss account, be suspicious.
    > It is also worth comparing the firm’s “operating profit” to its “operating
    > cash flow”. Big variations, or an operating profit not matched by
    > a similar amount of operating cash flow are both warning signs.<br/>
    >
    > Number 2: Where does all the operating cash flow go? Analysts often
    > quote “free cash flow” which should be positive and ideally consistent
    > with past years, allowing for changes in activity. For example if
    > sales have decreased 10%, free cash flow will probably have fallen
    > as well and should be in proportion. Companies such as Tesco have
    > been able to expand rapidly by using huge free cash flows to buy
    > freehold sites. However, if a company is enjoying high levels of
    > free cash flow and not expanding or paying it back to investors as
    > a dividend, be concerned. Also consider the relationship between
    > free cash flow and the equity dividend. If free cash flow does not
    > cover the dividend at least twice, future payouts could be at risk.
    >
    >
    > Number 3: The final area to look at is the “cash flows from financing
    > activities” section. Just as you would not extend your mortgage
    > to pay for day to day living, a typical bankruptcy candidate will
    > raise long term finance as new debt or equity and then use it to
    > keep trading. So compare the total raised as debt or equity in the
    > “cash flows from financing activities” section and the amount being
    > spent on new assets in the “cash flows from investing activities”
    > above it. A big mismatch with no explanation from directors is another
    > warning signs.
    >
    > In addition look at a company's “Altman-Z score” This indicates
    > the probability of a company entering bankruptcy within the next
    > 2 years. The higher the Z score, the lower the probability of
    > bankruptcy. An Altman score above 3 indicates that bankruptcy is
    > unlikely; a score below 1.8 indicates that bankruptcy is possible.
    >
    >
    >
    > Finally always look at the directors' dealings - are they buying
    > or selling.
    Mar 17 02:31 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Great Read... Its all about the cash on hand in this market... Gold mine stocks!
    Mar 17 03:40 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I agree, martyg. Are we to assume that "cash rich" companies are somehow in better shape than "cash poor" companies? More information is needed to assess the health of a company.

    "Cash is king" until inflation and--dare I say it--hyperinflation sets in. I'd rather see a list of companies with positive net cash flow AND cash on-hand, while comparing that to their short-term and long-term debt.

    I've been long on precious metals the last 7 years (bought gold at $250/oz), so what do I know?


    On Mar 13 09:04 AM martyg wrote:

    > the author provides the same lack of clarity as do many previous
    > commentators on the cash rich companies.
    >
    > how much is the net cash? having a billion and owing a billion makes
    > the company's amount of cash worth zero.
    Mar 17 05:54 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    You don't know what poverty is then. Or how the first world exploited and continues to exploit the resources and people of the third world. The world would be a better place if we take care of each other starting from the neediest.


    On Mar 13 12:14 PM jackooo wrote:

    > Why are Gates's charities in Africa? Doesn't the US have the poor
    > and down trodden also?
    Mar 18 12:47 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    If any of us wish to benefit from the Gates Foundation's charitable giving we can simply find one of the PBS shows which is "sponsored in part by"... and ENJOY!

    I believe Bill and Melinda Gates also do charity work in Africa because they identified Malaria as a problem where a significant difference could be made, and Africa is where the Malaria problems are.

    According to the Gates Foundation:

    "In wealthy countries, the war against malaria was won nearly half a century ago.

    Malaria then changed from a disease affecting many parts of the world to a disease affecting only poor countries. Efforts to fight malaria in Africa and elsewhere faded from lack of funding, but the disease continued to devastate communities in the developing world.

    In 2006, there were 247 million cases of malaria and 881,000 deaths from the disease."


    On Mar 13 12:14 PM jackooo wrote:

    > Why are Gates's charities in Africa? Doesn't the US have the poor
    > and down trodden also?
    Mar 18 02:43 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    ...and yet until recently, GE did. And GE has loads of debt to go with their cash. The credit rating agencies have DIScredited themselves, the feds should fine the hell out of all of them.


    On Mar 14 02:38 AM William Cowie wrote:

    > And here's another interesting piece of the puzzle:
    >
    > AAPL and GOOG, mountains of cash and no debt... do NOT have AAA ratings.
    >
    >
    > Go figure.
    >
    Mar 18 05:06 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    you get punished by the rating agencies if you don't borrow. try not having a credit card for a decade and then see what your credit score looks like.

    On Mar 14 02:38 AM William Cowie wrote:

    > And here's another interesting piece of the puzzle:
    >
    > AAPL and GOOG, mountains of cash and no debt... do NOT have AAA ratings.
    >
    >
    > Go figure.
    >
    Mar 19 12:31 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Incomplete in its analysis yes, but the point of the list is to show stored potential. These companies can make moves that companies that rely on credit can't. He said it in his piece: "
    Cash-laden companies are able to scoop up market share and increase revenues with the scarce capital it holds". Good jumping off point for doing more research pre-buy.

    On Mar 13 12:19 PM change is the only constant wrote:

    > You are correct, in times like this cash is king. It would be more
    > valuable if, rather than a lump sum amount given as proof of how
    > great a company is, some additional means to determine WHY these
    > companies are so good is also provided. Giving a balance sheet figure
    > of cash and then saying this is a good company is less thorough than
    > say what they could do with this cash for example.
    >
    > I assumed you were stating these are good stocks to buy, however,
    > if you are not saying these are good companies and one should buy
    > the shares, what are you saying?
    Mar 19 07:32 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    The post adding debt to the equation clearly shows that Google, Apple and Microsoft have the highest levels of "net cash" or liquid assets.

    Well done discussion and worth the read.

    Jay
    Mar 19 08:37 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Cash is good but what is free cash flow? If that trend is negative the cash on hand is bleeding away.
    Mar 19 12:05 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Cash is good but what is free cash flow? If that trend is negative the cash on hand is bleeding away.
    Mar 19 12:05 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Great article and great comments.

    I agree about the technology companies and the downside in a shrinking economy. I looove Apple but just can't buy it. Google is the only safe bet of the bunch due to its near-monopoly status in a growing market.

    Given the inflationary course clearly being pursued by the Fed, I think it is time or the time is soon to come when cash is no longer king and we need to get everything out of greenbacks and into investments that will maintain their value in an inflationary context.

    My main concern right now is finding companies -- in addition to natural resource ETFs and stocks -- whose market value will rise along with inflation and a declining dollar.

    These companies should possess wide-moats (near monopolies or with strong competitive positions), easy-to-understand business models, high ROEs, low business risk and low debt (all Buffet/Morningstar critieria).

    I have just begun this exercise using Morningstar data by screening Morningstar's wide moat, low business risk, five-star stocks (stocks with a large margin of safety) but have not yet examined cash, debt, debt-to-equity ratios, ROE, etc.

    One extremely interesting company is Landstar System (LSTR).

    Here is the list of other wide moat companies that I will examine for ROE, cash and debt levels (note there is some overlap):

    Procter & Gamble Company PG
    3M MMM
    Abbott Laboratories ABT
    Alcon, Inc. ACL
    Boardwalk Pipeline Partners LP BWP
    Buckeye Partners, L.P. BPL
    Campbell Soup Company CPB
    Coca-Cola Company KO
    Colgate-Palmolive Company CL
    ExxonMobil Corporation XOM
    Fastenal Company FAST
    International Business Machine IBM
    John Wiley & Sons, Inc. JW.A
    Johnson & Johnson JNJ
    Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P. KMP
    Magellan Midstream Partners, L.P. MMP
    Medtronic, Inc. MDT
    Microsoft Corporation MSFT
    McDonald's Corporation MCD
    Novartis AG NVS
    PepsiCo, Inc. PEP

    Comments about these companies very welcome...

    On Mar 15 12:33 PM MDLGTO wrote:

    > Good starting point. I agree with other posts that cash flow per
    > share would be a helpful measure AND that Net Cash/Debt is more important.
    >
    >
    > With regard to specific stocks:
    > AAPL garners a majority of revenue from Laptops and Ipods (macworld
    > pie chart www.macworld.com/artic...)
    > -IMHO these sales will evaporate along with other consumer disc.
    > purchases. I think will crash hard. AND without Jobs, even more so.
    >
    >
    > MSFT, as noted, cash rich for a long time--have really not gotten
    > any traction with new products svcs-dependent on win/office. Some
    > possible good news is that I THINK that companies will prefer to
    > bleed a little w/ new licenses rather than take a large capital investment
    > on low cost solutions (linux/google apps)--cap ex is in training/IT
    > that can handle these jobs
    >
    > GOOG is VERY interesting 0 debt. Still a bit overpriced, But will
    > continue to innovate (lots of blah blah about innovation in crisis
    > type articles are around), advertising continue to shift to web (more
    > cost effective and goog owns this arena). GOOG is the microsoft of
    > tomorrow.
    >
    > I think PHARM is much maligned. Think about it people. For all the
    > flak that Obama gets (I'm a liberal), He won't be able to change
    > the system--look what happened under Clinton--A lot of talk, no change.
    > AND Boomers are just now striding into their peak Medication years!!!
    >
    >
    > BRK is, I think, a Buffet/munger vehicle-old guys whose active investing
    > longevity won't outrun this downcycle.
    >
    > XOM etc. Great company, probably overvalued. I'd look at historical
    > Oil prices--Even $30/bbl is avg/high in inflation adjusted terms.
    >
    >
    > INTC-Not sure how their other lines stack up, but i'd guess worldwide
    > chip demand is going to be neg/flat for a while.
    >
    > CSCO-Not great equipment, but Corps will need to maintain network
    > status quo.
    >
    > HQP odd chimera of IT. Consumer sales will be neg/flat. I'd think
    > their best days are over
    >
    > IBM as a friend wrote to me "we're outsourcing everything that's
    > not bolted down" IBM should be able to capitalize on that
    >
    > TOM-Think consumer capital expenditures will not be great for some
    > time.
    >
    > So, This is my 2 min Cramer exercise--look at IBM, GOOG, and pharm.
    > I'd also be interested in Consumer Staples that have strong balance
    > sheets/ low debt/equity ratios--Help me people!! Most consumeer staples
    > seem to be too highly leveraged.
    Mar 19 02:23 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    hmm.... I see about 286 billion.

    ..unfortunately it's USD

    ...and a shadow of what the Fed just printed and will "need" to get buy this year and next.

    ...terrifying actually when you look at it in this perspective.
    Mar 19 03:55 PM | Link | Reply