Seeking Alpha

Michael Steinberg

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The stock market should not be disappointed that the $700B slush fund bill failed in the House. I hear all the talk that the government’s captive investment bank will be a boom for taxpayers, and the mortgage paper carry trade for the Treasury could be as high as a 7 or 8 point spread before losses. The government’s private equity portfolio included Fannie Mae (FNM), Freddie Mac (FRE) and American International Group (AIG); before its latest addition of Citigroup (C) – via the Wachovia (WB) steal. More equity interests would have been added with the defeated bill. It is good to see the government is seeking diversification in its portfolio.

The government's latest tactic is preemptive strikes on banks that are weakening, but still meet the government’s well or adequately capitalized standards. This parallels President Bush’s military doctrine. While preemptive intervention by the FDIC might save taxpayer money in the short term, it comes at a high societal price. Financial institutions are not able to nurse their way back to health, and we are migrating to a limited number of mega banks that will severely restrict consumer choice. The Philadelphia Inquirer “3 banks to control a third of U.S. deposits” reports that after consolidations, Bank of America (BAC) will control 12% of domestic deposits, Citigroup 9.79%, and JP Morgan Chase (JPM) 9.75%.

The government’s lessons in moral hazard, portfolio building and encouragement of the formation of mega banks has not increased either consumer or investor confidence. Treasury Secretary Paulson and Federal Reserve Chairman Bernanke's “conspiracy of dunces” accelerated the loss of confidence with each infliction of pain: AIG, Bear Stearns, Fannie, Freddie, Lehman (LEH), Wachovia and Washington Mutual (WM). The dunces have no increase in confidence to show for their money. Why should we give them $700B more to continue down the same path?

Everyone laughed when Senator Hillary Clinton called for a freeze on interest rate adjustments for mortgages, and the Republicans are fighting letting bankruptcy judges modify mortgages. But now the government has to save the bankers from themselves. A current mortgage paying 6% is certainly more valuable than a 10% or 12% delinquent mortgage paying nothing. Step 1 should be to temporarily cap interest rates on all owner-occupied residential mortgage loans at 10% - across the board, no means testing.

Depositors are fleeing suspect banks, even when their accounts total less than $100K. Step 2 should be to insure businesses and consumers are not inconvenienced by bank closures. Not only does the FDIC have to increase deposit insurance, but it has to guarantee quick access to funds in all cases and that all checks will be processed as usual. Check processing interruption is a major risk for both business and consumers.

Step 3 should be flexible capital requirements. Higher capital requirements in boom times will put a break on bubble formations, and lower capital requirements will stimulate the economy during recessions. Replacing mark to market accounting for banks with tougher regulatory review does have some merit, but I like capital flexibility better.

So now what should the dunces do with the extra $700B they're clambering for? First and foremost, backstop the FDIC so we don’t need any more preemptive attacks. Second, create a fund for lending capital to banks based solely on the impact of mortgage modifications to consumers. Third, lend funds or backstop to non-bank financial institutions and mergers where the systemic risk is high. Above all keep shareholder pain to a minimum.

The dunces have lacked any consistent policy or methodology throughout the crises. First we had shareholder pain, then bond holder pain, and finally counterparty pain. We bankrupted Lehman, but stopped short of AIG because it would have been too painful to our precious Goldman Sachs (GS). We killed WaMu bondholders, but the same treatment for Wachovia would have been too painful. How can we trust $700B to someone with no plan who operates with no rules.

We need to switch to a bottom up plan. In essence start paying banks (via temporary capital loans), to modify mortgage on primary residences. This will lead to recovery on both Main Street and Wall Street, and provide real liquidity to the financial system.

Disclosure: Author is long multiple financial institutions.

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This article has 21 comments:

  •  
    Let's face it, all the academic theoretical economists have no idea how to deal with this real world event
    2008 Oct 01 04:14 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    The disaster didn't come with an Owner's Manual.
    2008 Oct 01 04:21 PM | Link | Reply
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    The $700 billion would be better spent as a direct grant to U.S. citizens. Rest assured, they will sort the chaff from the wheat of this economy.

    But any bailout should exclude anyone financially associated to 535 particular individuals in Washington, D.C.
    2008 Oct 01 04:25 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Your bottom up plan is the only one that makes sense. The $700B bailout should be for Main Street NOT Wall Street. If banks don't want to cooperate, let homeowners apply for grants to cover amount they are underwater. Then banks would be willing to re-finance the remaining loan balance of no more than 80%LTV. When banks are lending again, home prices should stabilize. Without banks lending, main street grinds to a halt. Taxpayers will support a plan that truly helps homeowners and gets credit flowing again. For years already, banks should have been modifying loans to avoid this crisis. And what's the big rush for a vote? Why can't it wait until after the election? All the major investment banks have already failed. This is exactly like the rushed vote to start a war in Iraq. Congress should not willy nilly go along with Bush. Vote for a bailout after Nov. 4 if they have a plan that really makes sense for taxpayers.
    2008 Oct 01 04:47 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Michael. If you really think you can do better, please put your hat into the ring when the next administration comes looking for its next fed chairman. Lets see how well you do on the hotseat
    2008 Oct 01 04:51 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    When you have all the inside information that Paulson and Bernanke do, then maybe you'll be smart (but maybe not wise) enough to say whether they are dunces. Until then, we all have to wait for the protest in Congress to stick flowers in the end of the bazooka.

    Greenspan was touted as the money maistro for years... until lately. Maybe the current effort will also get a reversal of opinion and they'll be heroes. You don't know.
    2008 Oct 01 04:53 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Your step 3 makes some sense; the banks complain that accountancy rule 157 is pro cyclical in nature.

    But first the healing of rule 157 needs to set in.

    Don't forget that a lot of banks used rule 157 in their benifit; they wrote down about 200 billion of their own debt obligations...

    That is about the same size of the reported down writings in the first year of this credit crisis, of course it is rather strange to write down your own debt obligations. This lays the axe at the roots of your credit ratings but the banks did it anyway.

    Furthermore, all attention is now on the normal bank balances. There is a large shadow bank system behind it where the Basel 1 rules for bank reserves simply do not apply.

    The real shit is of course nicely parked in the shadow bank system...
    2008 Oct 01 05:46 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    The biggest dunce in the house has been Sheila Bair. Led by a professional academic and bureacrat, its not surprising that the FDIC will not understand their impact on the credit crisis. Their behind the scenes "negotiations" with interested parties in the WM and WB takeovers undercut and eliminated any possiblity of legimate deals being made. The gift of a "well capitalized" WM to JPM, in particular, while the WM CEO is flying from New York to Seattle and a bailout bill is being discussed in Congress, is disgusting. Who will ever buy bank senior debt at 1.25% over Treasurys again?

    I thought I lived in the USA and find out it's Venezuela.
    2008 Oct 01 06:03 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Change your leaders, not your lightbulbs.
    2008 Oct 01 09:54 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Change your leaders, not your lightbulbs.
    2008 Oct 01 09:54 PM | Link | Reply
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    Dunces? How can they be dunces when they have been right on everything they have said for the past year. Haven't they? Besides, this crisis just snuck up on the world last week. I am ashamed of my selfish generation and the burdens we have laid on the future. Another $700B? What does it matter when someone else will pay for it.
    2008 Oct 01 10:32 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    do not closed the books yet on WAMU and WB. I think that some lawyer will find a weak point in this deals.
    2008 Oct 01 11:51 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Yeah closed book, you sound just like Obama. We should all be ashamed of our life style, and live down. I'll bet he, and Nancy, and the rest will all live down, and feel ashamed of how they live to. Wake up!!!
    These politicians are so eager to pass this because they can't wait to have a $700 billion fund to play with. They will say or do anything to get that cash. Oh, they added another $150 billion to it last I heard, go wonder. They are running unchecked, and know one will get in their way, or stop them. Remember this next time you vote, and who they are. I sure will.
    2008 Oct 02 01:34 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Wouldn't it be nice if they would do away with the capital gains tax as we have heard uttered. Probably never happen. That would do a great deal to help people towards retirement plans, and day to day life also. I can't see them giving anything up once they get their hands on it.
    2008 Oct 02 01:37 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    There IS a better idea. In Ireland they are paying the mortgages, but NOT paying OFF the mortgages. In other words, just make the payments for a few years on the distressed properties while the market sorts itself out. Since the debt goes from non-performing to performing, it can be bought and sold again, and it is CERTAINLY less expensive to make payments than buy the whole property, especially when the property isn't really as valuable as once believed
    2008 Oct 02 01:44 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Read Bernanke's 1983 work titled, "Nonmonetary Effects on the Financial Crisis in the Propagation of the Great Depression" and get back to me on how much of a dunce you think he is.

    What looks good on paper doesn't always work well in the real world, but he's done a much better job than anyone else put into this situation. It's all about the supply of money for credit - bottom line, and he gets that. Politically though his hands are tied and this is an arena he was likely not well prepared for.
    2008 Oct 02 04:35 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    lets have more talk about bottom up. top down aint doin it...
    2008 Oct 02 06:42 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    I just saw on TV that the Senate approved bailout bill includes some earmark funds. Funds to Somalia and an absurd expenditure regarding wooden arrows for millions of $ - this was on Fox News. Will Congress ever get real?? I believe all earmarks on all bills should be published in the news media and who sponsored such. Then the public could vote them out of Congress at election time.
    2008 Oct 02 10:00 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Bernanke has a distorted view of the causes of the Great Depression. His "dumping money out of helicopter" (his words) solution to Deflation shows a fatal misunderstanding of the "fix". Japan had "free" money for ten years in '90's- good risks did not wish to borrow even at zero percent.
    Printing (even more) money will cause dumping of Treasury bonds by foreigners. A Depression is inevitable, the govt. can make it worse, I am sure. Small chance they can make it a little better, but a chance.
    2008 Oct 02 02:34 PM | Link | Reply
  •  
    The bottom up plan is the only one that makes sense. Some pencil to the paper could tell you. It would also reduce the voters' revolt who are mad as hell. The elected parties would fell safer and vote for it. The Banks could impliment the process but the Fed would provide the finances and the strict control. The toxic paper could simply be written down and the holders of these papers feel the pain.
    2008 Oct 03 06:17 AM | Link | Reply
  •  
    Now you may closed the book on Wachovia.
    2008 Oct 03 07:18 AM | Link | Reply