It is widely taught in technical analysis that the higher time frame trends exert the most influence on today's prices. We now know this to be not entirely true. In today's market place where a full 95% of financial futures volume is day traders, the Primary or Secondary patterns are not nearly as influential as the Day to Day pattern. (The Day to Day Pattern is a reflection of the day to day news events which are influencing the market) Likewise a lower time-frame pattern, such as the 10-day pattern can be the most influential of all, if a shift on that time-frame means a shift of the majority of patterns, and particularly if that shift is in-line with that all important Day to Day Pattern, which is what happened in EURUSD on May 9th, 2013 - See Figure 1.

(click to enlarge)
Figure 1. 10-day Pattern shifts bearish, in-line with Day to Day and Primary Patterns.

The Flap of the Butterfly's Wing

We call when a short-term patterns shift turns the entire market place the "the flap of the butterfly's wing" in deference to Chaos Theory which postulates that when a series of events of varying degrees of significance experiences a confluence which supports the next higher scale development, this can set off a chain reaction. Theoretically something as insignificant as the breeze created by the flap of a butterfly's wing in South America can over time cause a tornado in the U.S. Midwest. As random and incomprehensible as this may initially sound, scientists are now discovering that it is quite true that slight changes on a minute level can have out-sized effects to entire market places. While the butterfly is not the easier example to envision, the same dynamic plays out in market moving news all the time.

Often times it is headline news which has very little effect on market movement, while it is a barely seen quip by an economist about the ECB buying securitized small and medium sized business loans that prompts an influential trader to add to his Euro shorts because he sees a policy shift. The other traders see the alpha's action and follow suit. The selling forces prices to close below a level that bank analysts see as significant, which prompts them to sell to hedge their own exposure. As the circles widen, the selling increases, and at that point it does not matter if the economists quip was correct or not. What matters is does that alpha trader add or cover ahead of the weekend?

Figure 2. Risk Tolerance Threshold Ratio for EURUSD on 5-17-13

But from our perspective none of this matter's a wink because we know over time the market will get it right, and the price patterns we see on the chart will absolutely reflect the underlying fundamentals. To identify the different patterns we use a Risk Tolerance Threshold Ratio, or RTT Ratio as seen in Figure 2. All that matters for us is we know when market patterns shift, and most important when that individual shift also shifts the collective pattern, because that is the secret to forecasting markets.

Multiple Time Frames Trading & Fractal Geometry

In mathematical terms a price shift can be referred to as iteration. Technically iteration is the repetition of a sequence of operations geared toward a result. Theoretically that end result in trading would be a price point that the maximum number of participants find agreeable. Realistically that result will never happen because of the dynamics of the fundamental underlying structure of the marketplace, which is the business cycle, and the emotions of individuals. Just as economies ebb and flow and individual business' come and go, markets cycle up and down in trends or waves. The only thing we know for sure is that price will surely change, or shift, and the next trend or pattern will play out again, and again, and again. Knowing change will occur emphasizes the importance of being able to define the where, when and how of that change, or iteration.

Because the nature of fractal geometry is that each successive internal, or lower level, is just a slightly more complex version of the previous external, or higher level, that larger time frame construction will appear more simple. Our arm looks relatively simple; it's one appendage and has three major joints, or iterations to it, while the smaller hand is more complex in that it has 5 minor appendages with each one having 3 joints each for a total of 15 iterations. Similarly a longer-term chart has less iterations, or trend shifts, than a shorter-term chart. Likewise the more short-term you drill down the quicker the iterations will occur. The when, and how of trend shifts is the same on a monthly chart as a 1-minute chart, but because they occur much more often on the 1-minute chart and we are seeing a much larger number of them, the variation gives us the appearance that they are more complex. Those same variations also insure that a computer program will oscillate between being too early and too late to identify that shift. It is true that by knowing the when and how of pattern shifts, that given the time you can take advantage of them on the short-term time frames for as long as you can maintain your discipline and focus. It is also true however, that given we all have to sleep, and generally have lives outside of trading that we will find it much easier to trade lower time frame charts in the current direction of the higher time frame patterns. In other words we take our marching orders from an influential pattern such as a Day to Day pattern, more the better if it's aligned with the primary or secondary pattern, and look for actual trade signals on a lower time frame charts when those signals are in-line with that pattern and the majority of patterns.

To see Jay Norris highlight trade set-ups and signals in live markets on the London / U.S. overlap every Monday and Thursday go to Live Market Analysis. Jay Norris is the author of the best-selling The Secret to Trading: Risk Tolerance Threshold Theory

Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours.

Not everyone is suited for both creating a viable plan and then executing it. This is why most companies have different teams for different functions, such as a design department, which would come up with future products, and a business development team, often tasked with finding distribution partners. Different aspects of a business plan take different skills: a plan without execution-or vice versa-is no good without luck…and professionals do not rely on luck.

For complete article go to: http://www.dailyfx.com/forex/fundamental/article/guest_commentary/2013/05/15/The_Formula_Analysis_Execution.html

Trading involves risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors.

Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours.

"Market Time" to a professional means the speed of the rate of change of price, which is essentially the definition of "volatility". As volatility picks up or slows down traders need to adjust their "view" of the market also. During times when markets tend to be slower, such as the Asian session, traders lean toward longer-term charts. For example we may go with a 30-minute or 15-minute chart to measure momentum and a 5, or 3-minute chart for entry. As price speeds up into European, and then the U.S. sessions, traders shift to "faster" tick charts which are not time based but market based. The previous candle ends and a new candle forms based on the number of price changes, or ticks, and not time. Figure 1 shows a combination of a 15-minute chart for measuring momentum and with a 20 tick chart upper left for signals. This combo serves us well in the U.S. session.

(click to enlarge)
Figure 1.

During times when volatility is very high, such as just after a significant news release such as a Fed announcement of a U.S. employment number, traders will migrate to lower time frame charts to keep up with the speed of the moves. Rather than having to wait for momentum to shift on a 15-minute chart, they can drop down to a 3-minute chart.

The more heavily traded a market is the more prices will change between the bid and offer, so the higher the time frame tick chart we would need. For a market as heavily traded as the S&P 500 futures we would need a 200 tick chart to cover the same amount of time that a 20-tick chart in USDJPY would need. Likewise in comparison a 20-tick chart of more thinly traded market such as GBPAUD would cover twice as much time as the same 20-tick chart of USDJPY - because price changes more in a more heavily traded market. Because of this more heavily traded markets are preferred by professionals. The more volume the tighter the spread the lower the transaction cost, the higher the profits at the end of the day.

Why are market speed and lower time frame charts so important to traders? Because a full 95% of financial futures volume is day-traders, meaning professionals far and away prefer trading on lower time frame charts, and tick charts in general. While there is much to be said for swing-trading and position trading on the higher time frames, markets are, and will continue to be, dominated by short-term traders.

To see Jay Norris demonstrate trade set-ups and signals in live markets every Thursday and Monday go to Live Market Analysis. Jay is the author of The Secret to Trading: Risk Tolerance Threshold Theory.

Trading is a risky endeavor and not suitable for most investors.

Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours.

(click to enlarge)
Figure 1.

Such a move occurred in EURUSD on Thursday-Friday May 9th and 10th which we see as having long range implications for currency markets. The 1.3050 level was our 10-day Micro level, and had been holding as support for a week --see Figure 1. That particular level was significant to us because as long as it held, the majority of patterns were higher, which meant we were focused on taking long swing and day-trades.

Figure 2.

Once price showed it could close below that level, it shifted the majority of patterns to bearish, green-lighting short position, swing, and day trades - see Figure 2.

We see this shift as a sea change bearish move for Euro, and a long-term bullish move for the U.S. Dollar Index. We see the fundamental cause behind the pattern/cycle shift as being that of the U.S. economy being the closest too ending quantitative easing compared primarily to Europe and Japan.

Jay Norris is the author of The Secret to Trading Forex, Futures, and ETFs: Risk Tolerance Threshold Theory. To see Jay highlight trade set-ups and signals in live markets go to: Live Market Analysis

If a professional can definitively tell you the current trend, then by definition she can tell you at what point in price and time that trend changed. She can point to the very candle or bar which produced the set-up that provided the level which price moved beyond to produce the change/reversal. That definition is what lends the trader confidence in the decision making process and what makes forecasting, like opinions, unnecessary, and even a liability. What the professional understands is that technically she is not making the decision, the market is. The market, through it's highs, lows, and closing prices provides the framework which defines the critical levels that are the set-ups for coming directional changes. The trader just determines which time frame she is going to heed those changes on.

Jay Norris is the author of the best selling The Secret to Trading Forex, Futures and ETFs: Risk Tolerance Threshold Theory. To see Jay highlight trade set-ups and signals in live markets go to Live Market Analysis

Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours.

Jay Norris is the author of the best selling The Secret to Trading: Risk Tolerance Threshold Theory

Disclosure: I have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours.