BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries is a Delaware corporation that was incorporated in 1987. We are a leading, global supplier of highly engineered automotive systems and components, primarily for powertrain applications. Our products help improve vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, stability and air quality. These products are manufactured and sold worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) of light-vehicles (passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, vans and light-trucks). The Company’s products are also sold to other OEMs of commercial trucks, buses and agricultural and off-highway vehicles. We also manufacture and sell our products to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket for light and commercial vehicles. The Company operates manufacturing facilities serving customers in the Americas, Europe and Asia, and is an original equipment supplier to every major automotive OEM in the world.
The Company reports its results under two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. Net revenues by segment for the three years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Engine
The Engine Group develops and manufactures products to manage engines for fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, and enhanced performance. Concern about fuel prices and availability, and the need to lower CO2 emissions are driving demand for the Company’s products in smaller, more efficient gasoline and diesel engines and alternative powertrains in hybrid vehicles. Engine Group products currently fall into the following major categories: turbochargers, chain products, emissions systems, thermal systems, diesel cold start and gasoline ignition technology and cabin heaters.
The Engine Group provides turbochargers for light-vehicle, commercial-vehicle and off-road applications for diesel and gasoline engine manufacturers in Europe, North America, South America and Asia. The Engine Group has greatly benefited from the growth in turbocharger demand in Europe. This growth is linked to increasing demand for diesel engines in light vehicles which typically use turbochargers and for turbocharged gasoline engines. Benefits of turbochargers in both light-vehicle and commercial-vehicle applications include increased power for a given engine size, improved fuel economy and significantly reduced emissions.
Sales of turbochargers for light-vehicles represented approximately 27%, 24%, and 21% of the Company’s total revenues for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company currently supplies light- vehicle turbochargers to many OEMs including Volkswagen, Renault, PSA, Daimler, Hyundai, Fiat, BMW, Ford and General Motors. The Company also supplies commercial-vehicle turbochargers to Caterpillar, John Deere, Daimler, International, Deutz and MAN.
The Company’s newest technologies are its regulated two-stage turbocharging system known as R2S®, variable turbine geometry (“VTG”) turbochargers and turbochargers for gasoline direct injected engines. In 2008, the Company announced the start of production of its award winning R2S technology for Daimler’s new 4 cylinder diesel engine range. The Company also began shipping VTG turbochargers for VW’s new common-rail engine range and announced the launch of a VTG turbocharger for use with low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation to reduce emissions on VW’s Jetta Clean Diesel TDI. In 2009, the Company began shipping turbochargers for Ford’s 3.5 liter V6 direct-injected gasoline engines for rear-wheel drive cars and trucks. Additionally, Ford selected BorgWarner’s leading gasoline turborcharger technology for their new four-cylinder EcoBoost engine, scheduled to make its global debut early in 2010.
The Engine Group also designs and manufactures products to control emissions and improve fuel economy. These products include electric air pumps, turbo actuators that use integrated electronics to precisely control turbocharger speed and pressure ratio, and exhaust gas recirculation valves for gasoline and diesel applications.
The Engine Group’s chain and chain systems products include timing chain and timing drive systems, variable cam timing (“VCT”) systems, crankshaft and camshaft sprockets, tensioners, guides and snubbers, HY-VO ® front-wheel drive (“FWD”) transmission chain and four-wheel drive (“4WD”) chain, and MORSE GEMINI ® chain systems for light-vehicle and commercial-vehicle applications.
The Company’s timing chain systems are used in Ford’s family of overhead cam engines, including the Duratec and Modular, and in-line 4 cylinder engines, as well as on Chrysler’s 3.7 liter and 4.7 liter, overhead cam engines, and the 4 cylinder World Engine family of engines. In addition, the Company provides timing systems to a number of Asian OEMs and their North American operations, including Honda, Nissan, and Hyundai, and to several European OEMs. The Company believes that it is the world’s leading manufacturer of timing chain systems.
The Engine Group has successfully launched its latest VCT product; Cam Torque Actuatedtm (“CTA”) VCT. VCT is a means of precisely controlling the flow of air into and out of an engine by allowing the camshaft to be dynamically phased relative to its crankshaft. The Company’s CTA technology utilizes camshaft torque as its main actuation energy, instead of the conventional oil-pressure actuated approach. The CTA system has been launched on Ford’s 3.0 liter Duratec engine featured in the Ford Escape, Ford Fusion, Mazda 6, and Mercury Mariner.
The Company believes it is the world’s leading manufacturer of chain for FWD transmissions and 4WD transfer cases. HY-VO chain is used to transfer power from the engine to the drivetrain. The chain in a transfer case distributes power between a vehicle’s front and rear output shafts which, in turn, provide torque to the front and rear wheels. The Company’s MORSE GEMINI transmission chain system emits significantly less chain pitch frequency noise than conventional transmission chain systems.
The Engine Group believes it is a leading global provider of engine thermal solutions for truck, agricultural and off-highway applications. The group designs, manufactures and markets viscous fan drives that control fans to sense and respond to multiple cooling requirements. The Engine Group also manufactures and markets polymer fans for engine cooling systems. The Company’s thermal products provide improved vehicle fuel economy and reduced engine emissions while minimizing parasitic horsepower loss. The Company has been awarded the “standard position” (the OEM-designated preferred supplier of component systems available to the end-customer) at the major global heavy truck producers.
In 2005, the Company acquired approximately 69.4% of the outstanding shares of BERU Aktiengesellschaft (“BERU”), headquartered in Ludwigsburg, Germany. In 2007, the Company increased its ownership to approximately 82.2%. In the second quarter of 2008, the Company and BERU completed a Domination and Profit Transfer Agreement (“DPTA”), giving BorgWarner full control of BERU. On January 7, 2009 the Company informed BERU of its intention to purchase the remaining outstanding shares at that time of approximately 4%, using the required German legal process referred to as a “squeeze-out” to gain 100% ownership. The “squeeze-out” became effective on September 30, 2009, making the Company the only shareholder of BERU. The Company’s corporate form and name were changed to BorgWarner BERU Systems GMBH (“BERU Systems”) in late 2009.
BERU System’s operating results are included within the Company’s Engine Group segment. BERU Systems is a leading global automotive supplier of diesel cold starting technology (glow plugs and instant starting systems). It also designs and manufactures gasoline ignition technology (spark plugs and ignition coils); and electronic control units and sensor technology (tire pressure sensors, diesel cabin heaters and selected sensors). In 2008, BERU launched its new Pressure Sensor Glow Plug with which the combustion process of a diesel engine is monitored and enhanced, allowing the lowest CO2 and NOx emissions possible.
On June 2, 2009, the Company announced the purchase of advanced gasoline ignition technology and related intellectual property from Florida-based Etatech, Inc. The high-frequency ignition technology enables high-performing, lean burning engines to significantly improve fuel economy and reduce emissions compared with conventional combustion technologies.
Drivetrain
The Drivetrain Group leverages the Company’s expertise in clutching and control systems to enable efficient transmission of engine torque through the vehicle drivetrain and management of torque distribution to the driven wheels. The Company’s technology can improve fuel efficiency and help reduce emissions in all types of powertrains. The Drivetrain Group’s major products are transmission components and systems, and AWD torque management systems.
The Drivetrain Group designs and manufactures automatic transmission components and modules and is a supplier to virtually every major automatic transmission manufacturer in the world for both conventional automatic, new dual-clutch transmissions (“DCT”) and automated manual transmissions.
Friction and mechanical products include dual clutch modules, friction clutch modules, friction plates, transmission bands, torque converter clutches, one-way clutches and torsional vibration dampers. Controls products feature electro-hydraulic solenoids for standard and high pressure hydraulic systems, transmission solenoid modules and dual clutch control modules.
The Company’s 50%-owned joint venture in Japan, NSK-Warner Kabushiki Kaisha (“NSK-Warner”), is a leading producer of friction plates and one-way clutches in Japan. NSK-Warner is also the joint venture partner with a 40% interest in the Drivetrain Group’s Korean subsidiary, BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea, Inc.
The Company has led the globalization of today’s DCT technology for over ten years. Following the development of its DCT technology in the 1990s, the Company established its industry-leading position in Europe in 2003 with the production launch of its award-winning DualTronic® innovations with VW/Audi. In 2007, the Company launched its first dual-clutch technology application in a Japanese transmission with Nissan.
The Company has announced DCT programs with customers that include VW, Audi, SAIC and Nissan, in addition to Getrag DCT programs with BMW, Ford and other global automakers. Also, the Company is working on several programs with OEMs around the world. BorgWarner DualTronic technology enables a conventional, manual gearbox to function as a fully automatic transmission by eliminating the interruption in power flow that occurs when a single clutch manual transmission shifts gears. The result is a smooth shifting automatic transmission with the fuel efficiency and great driving experience of a manual gearbox.
On November 18, 2008, we entered into a joint venture agreement with China Automobile Development United Investment Company, a company owned by leading Chinese automakers, to produce various dual clutch transmission modules. The joint venture will be located in Dalian, China and production is scheduled to begin in 2011. BorgWarner will own 66% of the joint venture.
In conventional automatic transmissions, there has been a global market trend from four and five speeds to six, seven, and even eight speed transmissions. Transmissions with more speeds improve fuel economy and vehicle performance and offer growth opportunities.
The Drivetrain Group’s torque management products include rear-wheel drive (“RWD”)/all-wheel drive (“AWD”) transfer case systems, FWD/AWD electromagnetic coupling systems and advanced products. The Company’s focus is on electronically controlled (active) torque management devices and systems for their vehicle dynamics, fuel economy and stability benefits.
Transfer cases are installed primarily on light-trucks, sport-utility vehicles (“SUV”s), rear-wheel drive based cross-over utility vehicles (“CUV”s) and passenger cars. A transfer case attaches to the transmission and distributes torque to the front and rear axles improving vehicle traction and stability in dynamic driving conditions.
The Company is involved in the FWD/AWD market with electromagnetic couplings that use electronically controlled clutches to distribute power to the rear wheels instantly as traction is required. The NexTrac® AWD device is our latest product innovation that produces outstanding stability and traction while promoting better fuel economy. The NexTrac AWD device launched in 2008 on the Hyundai Santa Fe, Tucson and KIA Sportage.
With the trend toward vehicle electrification gaining momentum, the Company is also applying its years of expertise to deliver robust and highly efficient single and multiple speed electric gear reduction solutions for hybrids and electric vehicles. Currently, we supply our eGearDrivetm single-speed gearbox to the all-electric Tesla Roadster, and will also supply our eGearDrive to the all-electric CODA sedan scheduled for introduction in California in 2010. Additionally, we are actively engaged with traditional and non-traditional OEMs on seven other transmission programs for plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles.
Joint Ventures
As of December 31, 2009, the Company had 11 joint ventures in which it had a less-than-100% ownership interest. Results from the seven ventures in which the Company is the majority owner are consolidated as part of the Company’s results. Results from the four ventures in which the Company’s effective ownership interest is 50% or less, were reported by the Company using the equity method of accounting.
In the second quarter of 2008, the Company and BERU completed a Domination and Profit Transfer Agreement (“DPTA”), giving BorgWarner full control of BERU. For the joint ventures in which BERU Systems is a party, the percentage of ownership for each joint venture reflects BERU System’s ownership percentage.
All sales figures are for the year ended December 31, 2009, except NSK-Warner and Turbo Energy Limited. NSK-Warner’s sales are reported for the 12 months ended November 30, 2009. Turbo Energy Limited’s sales are reported for the 12 months ended September 30, 2009.
The Company made purchases from Turbo Energy Limited totaling $24.2 million, $25.4 million and $25.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
BorgWarner Inc. owns 50% of NSK-Warner, which has a 40% interest in BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea, Inc. This gives the Company an additional indirect effective ownership percentage of 20%. This results in a total effective ownership interest of 80%.















