VALE

Vale S.A.

Vale S.A. are the second-largest metals and mining company in the world and the largest in the Americas, based on market capitalization. We are the world's largest producer of iron ore and iron ore pellets and the world's second-largest producer of nickel. We are one of the world's largest producers of manganese ore and ferroalloys. We also produce copper, thermal and metallurgical coal, phosphates, potash, cobalt and platinum group metals ("PGMs"). To support our growth strategy, we are actively engaged in mineral exploration efforts in 27 countries around the globe. We operate large logistics systems in Brazil and other regions of the world, including railroads, maritime terminals and ports, which are integrated with our mining operations. In addition, we have a maritime freight portfolio to transport iron ore. Directly and through affiliates and joint ventures, we also have investments in energy and steel businesses.