aquaculture

What We Can Do To Reverse the Oil Crisis

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All of the Motor-Fuel Alternatives to Conventional Crude Oil Stink

Fundamentally, this analysis is both incorrect and incomplete because it does not include 'unconventional' alternatives.
Actually oil-based transport is only 3% or-so efficient. The rest is lost as heat, pollution and in producing, transporting the fuels. In addition the EROI is getting more and more negative, as one has to include costs of pollution, protecting the shipping lanes, lives lost, geopolitical wars etc.
Make no mistake about it: the oil era is coming to an end and not because of a lack of oil.

11. Electric vehicles in general: Require infrastructure investments. Israel, EU states such as Denmark (windpower) are going electric. Electric motors are 90 % efficient. The U.S. could P/N track the Interstate Highways to guide slot cars. Such slot cars would have a very high efficiency with full regenerative braking on track and operate on battery only off-highway on small trips. Fuel costs would be around 40 $ cents/gallon gas eq. Also saves 40.000 lives/year with anti collision software, autom. speedcontol etc. , reduces costs of insurance, increases U.S worker productivity by at least 7 %, reduces geopolitical tensions.

14. Electricity from solar and wind: Also require grid investments.(which are neccessary with or without renewables)
Latest direct-drive wind technology is now at full grid parity (2-3 $ cents/kWh, not on some peak watt basis but in coupled arrays which as a total, offer full baseload power. In addition storage of power in large hydro reservoirs is also used today and very efficient. The U.S. has enough wind- and gravitational potential to meet all present and future needs.
Solar power is not at grid parity everywhere but it will be in a few years.
Solar hot water is certainly a good investment for most homeowners.

15. Electricity from geothermal sources. The U.S has enough recoverable geothermal energy to run the country for tens of thousands of years.

16. Ethanol from algae. Algaemass (sugarstarches, oils) doubles on average once a day. That is exponential growth. This means that in theory, if you would start today with 1 kg, you would end up with enough ethanol to replace all U.S oil imports in just one month.

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Our Energy Future

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Investing Into the End of the Hydrocarbon Age

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