What Is Going On At OpenAI?

May 06, 2025 7:30 AM ET19 Comments
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Structurally speaking

Control over one of the biggest players in artificial intelligence keeps getting shuffled around, with OpenAI reshaping its corporate structure (again). It's a big deal, as OpenAI is one of the highest privately backed companies in the world and has been facing a notable lawsuit from founder Elon Musk (who sued to block the last conversion and now leads competitor xAI). Microsoft (MSFT) also holds a large stake in OpenAI, which announced plans in March to raise up to $40B at a $300B valuation.

Backdrop: Since its founding in 2015, OpenAI's mission has been to develop cutting-edge AI technologies that would "benefit humanity as a whole, unconstrained by a need to generate financial return." Only a few years later, the non-profit formed a "capped profit" subsidiary, which eventually helped it attract the billions of dollars in investment that were needed to develop its large language models, ChatGPT, and other expensive generative AI offerings. A schism eventually grew between the OpenAI board skeptical of corporate expansion and CEO Sam Altman's business vision, leading to the latter's rapid ouster and subsequent reinstatement in 2023 following an employee revolt.

That wasn't the end. OpenAI led by Altman later decided to spin off the non-profit division and convert itself into a for-profit firm, before settling on a "public benefit corporation," which would combine profit-making with social goals. AI safety concerns still lingered, prompting the company to take yet another turn. According to the newest structure, the non-profit will maintain oversight and retain a large ownership stake in the new public benefit corporation. The move was said to be decided upon after "hearing from civic leaders" and "engaging in dialog with AGs in Delaware and California" who had to sign off on the process.

Sounds complicated? It is. The new structure means the public benefit corporation will have "non-profit control," though questions remain about the level of authority, while communications surrounding the move didn't provide too many more details. "I won't pretend that it wouldn’t maybe be easier if we were a fully normal company, but the mission comes first," Altman declared. "We believe this is well over the bar of what we need to be able to fundraise… The nonprofit will continue to control the PBC, and will become a big shareholder in the PBC, in an amount supported by independent financial advisors."

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